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面包屑導航結束 --> <!-- 頁面標題開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="title"> <h3><a>數控車床曲線加工的問題分析<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">省廳頒布</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">關于在全省職業學校建立和完善技能大賽制度的意見</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">提出要真正形成普通教育有高考</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">職業教育有技能大賽的新局面</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">以后每年的技能大賽必將如火如荼地進行數控車加工是全國發起最早</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">也是到目前發展得最為完善的技能大賽比賽項目之一</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">回顧過去幾年的比賽試題</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">展望年</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">數控車加工中還是一些特殊曲線</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">如橢圓</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">拋物線</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">雙曲線及變坐標曲線</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">是加工難點</span><span style="text-indent: 21pt;"> </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">結合這幾年的研究結果與比賽經驗</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">我提出幾點個人見解</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">套用編程模板</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">能使編程又快又準</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">曲線坐標系與工件坐標系的關系</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">首先要明確一點</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這里指的曲線坐標系與工件坐標系是相互平行的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">即兩坐標系間只存在水平和垂直兩個方向的平移問題</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">并不存在旋轉問題</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如下圖</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201406/1403448252506.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由于數控系統把平行于主軸的那根軸定義為</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">軸</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">因此針對曲線方程要將其坐標進行轉換</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">才能讓編程者方便上手</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">也不會使編程出錯</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如下圖</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201406/14034482618135.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這是一段拋物線形狀</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其方程為</span><span lang="EN-US">x=0.1y2</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這里的</span><span lang="EN-US">y</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">應是工件坐標系的</span><span lang="EN-US">x </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">而</span><span lang="EN-US">x</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">應是工件坐標系的</span><span lang="EN-US">z </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">因此方程應轉化為</span><span lang="EN-US">z=0.1x2</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這個地方編程者容易轉化為</span><span lang="EN-US">x=0.1z2</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣一來加工出來的曲線形狀就完全錯誤了</span><span lang="EN-US">2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">套用模板</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">利用</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">模板</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">編程這里講的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">模板</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">只是一種編程的格式</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">只要編程者掌握了這種編程格式</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">加以靈活運用</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">就能使編程速度大大提高即所有曲線編程時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">點的坐標的采集都是來至曲線本身的坐標系</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">然后把曲線坐標系下的坐標通過原點坐標平移移至工件坐標系下即可</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如上圖</span><span lang="EN-US">1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這個零件的右端面為一橢圓</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其曲線坐標系的原點為</span><span lang="EN-US">O </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如圖所示</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">其坐標方程</span><span lang="EN-US">z2/202+x2/142=1</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">工件坐標系的編程零點為</span><span lang="EN-US">O </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">如圖所示</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">相對于曲線坐標系曲線</span><span lang="EN-US">Z </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向應從</span><span lang="EN-US">20</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">加工到</span><span lang="EN-US">-10 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">曲線坐標系的原點相對于工件坐標系的原點只沿</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">向平移</span><span lang="EN-US">-20 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣一來其參考程序</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">利用宏程序進行編程</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">為</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">華中系統</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=20WHILE#1GE -10#2=14/20*SQRT 20*20 #1*#1G01X #2*2 Z #1 20 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">直徑量編程要</span><span lang="EN-US">*2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">坐標平移這是關鍵</span><span lang="EN-US">#1=#1 0.1 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">步距為</span><span lang="EN-US">0.1ENDW</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">又如圖</span><span lang="EN-US">2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">中間是一段拋物線</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">轉化后的方程為</span><span lang="EN-US">z=0.1x2</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這段拋物線的原點</span><span lang="EN-US">O </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">相對于工件坐標系原點</span><span lang="EN-US">O</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">不僅有</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏移而且有</span><span lang="EN-US">X</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向的偏移</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這是難點之一</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">另外</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">編程者還容易出錯的是自變量</span><span lang="EN-US"> Z </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的加工范圍</span><span lang="EN-US"> A B </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的確定上由</span><span lang="EN-US"> 32</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">可知</span><span lang="EN-US">A</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">點的</span><span lang="EN-US">X</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向坐標為</span><span lang="EN-US">11 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">則</span><span lang="EN-US">A</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">點的</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向坐標為</span><span lang="EN-US">12.1,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所以</span><span lang="EN-US">O </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">相對于</span><span lang="EN-US">O</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">向距離為</span><span lang="EN-US">11.9,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這就是</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏移</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則其自變量</span><span lang="EN-US"> z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">加工范圍是</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">相對于曲線坐標系</span><span lang="EN-US"> 12.1 23.1,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">對嗎</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">似乎沒有任何問題</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其實我們忽略了一個很重要的問題</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">加工方向</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">按照工藝分析</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這段拋物線應從左向右加工</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣一來加工范圍應是從</span><span lang="EN-US">-12.1 -23.1,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">因此這段拋物線的參考程序是</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">華中系統</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=-12.1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">WHILE#1GE -23.1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#2=SQRT 10*#1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">G01X #2*2+10 Z #1-11.9 X</span><span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏移直徑量</span><span lang="EN-US">,Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏移</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=#1-0.1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">ENDW</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">有時有些實際曲線圖上并沒有標出</span><span lang="EN-US">X</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">向的偏移</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">編程人員切不可誤以為沒有偏移</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">否則加工出來的曲線形狀就是不對的</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">如下圖</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這個零件的中間是一段雙曲線</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由圖</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">可知</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏移了</span><span lang="EN-US">-34,X</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">向好像沒有偏移</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">對嗎</span><span lang="EN-US">?</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">粗心的偏程者就這樣認為</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">就開始編程</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">通過機床一模擬發現形狀不對</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">一時陷入僵局</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">經過仔細核查</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">將</span><span lang="EN-US">A</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">點</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">坐標</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">曲線坐標系</span><span lang="EN-US"> 6</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">代入方程得</span><span lang="EN-US">13.416 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">遠遠大于</span><span lang="EN-US">10,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這就說明實際曲線位置相對于理論位置向上發生了偏移</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">偏移值應是</span><span lang="EN-US">6.832 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">直徑量</span><span lang="EN-US"> ,</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">因此其參考程序</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201406/14034482734418.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=6</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">WHILE#1GE -6</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#2=SQRT 144+#1*#1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">G01X #2*2-6.832 Z #1-34</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=#1-0.1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">ENDW</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">二</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">傾斜橢圓的加工是技能比賽的一大亮點</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">隨著技能大賽的深入進行</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一些較難曲線的加工也相繼出現</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">斜橢圓加工就是這樣應運而生的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">何為斜橢圓呢</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">就是橢圓坐標系相對于工件坐標系旋轉了一定角度</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">如下圖</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201406/14034482867912.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這里的橢圓坐標系相對于工件坐標系旋轉了</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">角</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">那么對于這樣的曲線該如何加工呢我經過反復研究</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">借助高中數學坐標旋轉公式</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">終于將其解決</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">具體解決過程如下設旋轉前某點坐標為</span><span lang="EN-US"> Z X </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">旋轉后該點在新坐標系中的坐標為</span><span lang="EN-US"> Z X </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則它們之間滿足如下關系</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">按逆時針旋轉</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">Z = ZCOS +XSIN0</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">X = XCOS –ZSIN0</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這兒存在兩個疑問</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">一是坐標是按順時針旋轉</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">仍是按逆時針旋轉</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">二是自變量是挑選斜坐標系仍是挑選旋轉后的坐標系的坐標</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">且加工規模如何斷定</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">依照習氣一般依照逆時針旋轉</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣如上圖所示實踐旋轉時應旋轉</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">別的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">圖上所標尺度是工件坐標系下的尺度</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">而自變量的選擇卻要取斜坐標系下的尺度</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">為何呢</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">由于</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">只要斜坐標系下的坐標才滿足橢圓規范方程</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這樣使得核算與編程便利</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣自變量加工規模的起點和結尾坐標一開始要經過逆旋轉公式求出該點在斜坐標系下的坐標</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">公式如下</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">Z= Z <st1:place w:st="on">COS</st1:place> -X SIN0 </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">X= Z SIN +X COS0</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如上圖所示</span><span lang="EN-US"> A</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">點</span><span lang="EN-US"> Z X </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">為</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4.45 11 =60 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則順時針旋轉</span><span lang="EN-US">30 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">因此將</span><span lang="EN-US">4.16</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">代入</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">式得</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">Z=4.45 <st1:place w:st="on">COS</st1:place> 60 +11 SIN60 =11.75</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所以</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">自變量加工范圍</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在斜坐標系中</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">的</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向起點為</span><span lang="EN-US">11.75</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">假如</span><span lang="EN-US">Z</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向終點為</span><span lang="EN-US">-2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則其參考程序為</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">華中系統</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1 Z =11.75</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">WHILE#1GE -2</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#2 X =10/18*SQRT 18*18-#1*#1 </span><span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">橢圓旋轉后是水平方向</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#3 Z =#1* COSPI/3-#2*SINPI/3 </span><span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">華中系統</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">只能用弧度制表示角度</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#4 X =#1*SINPI/3 + #2*</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">COSPI/3G01X -#4*2+80 Z #3 -13.59 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">負曲線</span><span lang="EN-US">X </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">向偏置</span><span lang="EN-US">, Z </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">向偏置</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">#1=#1-0.1</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">ENDW</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">經過上機模擬以及實物加工</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">完全正確</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以上就是我在數控車加工教學過程中的一些經驗和體會</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">歡迎同行批評指正</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;line-height:13.5pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#666666;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">本文由<span lang="EN-US"> <a ><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#333333"><span lang="EN-US">伯特利數控</span></span></a></span>文章<span lang="EN-US"> </span>整理發表，文章來自網絡僅參考學習，本站不承擔任何法律責任。</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 微軟雅黑;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center;text-indent:21.0pt; mso-char-indent-count:2.0;mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" 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