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面包屑導航結束 --> <!-- 頁面標題開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="title"> <h3><a>帶你分析89C51的數控算法<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span lang="EN-US" style="text-indent: 21pt;">1 </span><span style="text-indent: 21pt; font-family: 宋體;">引言</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">數控是數字控制</span><span lang="EN-US">(Numerical Control </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">縮寫為</span><span lang="EN-US"> NC)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的簡稱</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">數控系統是用數字控制技術實現的自動控制系統</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其被控對象可以是各種生產過程</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">自</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1952 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">年美國的麻省理工學院伺服機構實驗室研制出世界上第一臺三坐標</span><span lang="EN-US"><a target="_blank"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">數控銑床</span></a></span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以來</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">數控系統在制造業中得以廣泛地應用</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">半個世紀以來</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">數控技術無論在硬件還是軟件方面發展都很迅速</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">目前</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">在市面上已經看不到普通的數控</span><span lang="EN-US">(NC)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">裝置</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">取而代之的是計算機數控</span><span lang="EN-US">(CNC Computer Numerical Control)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">裝置</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">它采用存儲程序的專用計算機</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">由軟件實現部分或全部數控功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">具有良好的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">柔性</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">容易通過改變軟件來更改功能</span><span lang="EN-US"> CNC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">裝置由硬件和軟件組成</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">軟件在硬件的支撐下運行</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">離開軟件硬件無法工作</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">二者缺一不可</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">本文從軟件和硬件的設計對一些數控算法的實現進行研究</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示為基于單片機數控算法的總體框圖</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201407/14044028590939.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">2 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">基于</span><span lang="EN-US"> PC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的數控實現硬件結構</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">硬件部分主要是鍵盤輸入</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">顯示</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">輸出的接口電路</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">利用鍵盤向計算機發布命令</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">傳送數據</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">控系統硬件總體</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">利用數碼管顯示計算結果</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">狀態信息</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">3 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">依據</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> PC </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">的數控完結軟件構造</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋體;">數控體系軟件為實時多使命體系</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">體系中的各使命在數控實時操作體系控制下協調進行</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">體系中的各模塊功用如圖</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"> 2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">所示</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">數控實時操作體系</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">它是數控完結軟件中的中心體系</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">它對體系中的資本進行調度</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">協調各模塊的高效運轉</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">并輔佐完結各使命間的通訊和信息交流</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">2 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">信息預處理</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">該模塊完結輸入信息譯碼</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">完結軌道插補前的坐標變換和刀補運算</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">3 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">軌道插補</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">它是數控體系的中心模塊</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">其使命是依據信息預處理給出的期望軌道和從檢測設備取得的實踐軌道信息</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">實時生成各坐標軸的移動指令使刀具依據程序軌道運動</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 3.75pt 0cm; text-indent: 21pt; line-height: 13.5pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;">4 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">加工仿真模塊</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">該模塊以動畫方法對數控加工進程進行動態仿真</span><span style="font-family: Tahoma;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;">從而可在加工前查驗參數輸入正確性和機床運動合理性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Tahoma;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">4 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">數控插補技術</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">直線是構成被加工零件輪廓的基本線型</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">插補的任務就是根據進給速度的要求</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">計算出每一段零件輪廓起點與終點之間的插入中間點的坐標值</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">4.1</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Ⅰ象限直線插補原理偏差計算公式</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">在圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">中</span><span lang="EN-US"> OE </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">為要加工的直線輪廓</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">而動點</span><span lang="EN-US"> N(Xi,Yi)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">對應切削刀具的位置當刀具處于直線下方區域時</span><span lang="EN-US">(F<0) </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">當刀具處于直線上方區域時</span><span lang="EN-US">(F>0) </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">為了更靠攏直線輪廓</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則要求刀具向</span><span lang="EN-US">(+X)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">方向進給一步</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">當刀具正好處于直線上時</span><span lang="EN-US">(F=0)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">根據上述原則從</span><span lang="EN-US"> O(0 0)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">開始</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">走一步</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">算一算</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">判別</span><span lang="EN-US"> F </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">符號</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">再趨向直線進給</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">步步前進</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">直至終點</span><span lang="EN-US"> E </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">這樣</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">通過逐點比較的方法</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">控制刀具走出一條盡量接近零件輪廓直線的軌跡</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 3 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">中折線所示</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">當每次進給的臺階</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">即脈沖當量</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">很小時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">就可將這條折線近似當作直線來看待</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">顯然</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">逼近程度的大小與脈沖當量的大小直接相關為了簡化運算</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">通常采用遞推法</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">即每進給一步后新加工點的加工偏差值通過前一點的偏差遞推算出</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">現假設第</span><span lang="EN-US"> i </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">次插補后</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">動點坐標</span><span lang="EN-US"> N(Xi,Yi) </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">偏差函數為</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201407/14044028723403.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">軟件實現</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">逐點比較法軟件實現實際上就是利用軟件來模擬硬件插補的整個過程</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">顯然它具有極大的靈活性</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">但插補的精度和速度受到控制系統中所用計算機的字長和運算速度等方面的限制</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">根據前面總結出的四個節拍</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">可設計出逐點比較法第一象限直線插補的軟件流程圖如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 4 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">不同象限的直線插補</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">實際上</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">任何機床都必須具備處理不同象限</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">不同走向輪廓曲線的能力</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">而這時其插補計算公式和脈沖進給方向都是不同的</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">但為了處理和實現的方便起見</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">盡量尋找其間共同規律</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">以利于優化程序設計</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">提高插補質量</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">現將第Ⅰ</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Ⅱ</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">Ⅲ</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">Ⅳ象限內直線分別記為</span><span lang="EN-US"> L1 L2 L3 L4</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">現不妨假設有Ⅱ象限直線如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 5 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span> <span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">起點在原點</span><span lang="EN-US"> O(0 0) </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">終點為</span><span lang="EN-US"> A(-Xe +Ye) </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">則仿照前面方法</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">很易推得對應的插補算法及進給方向如下</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">當</span><span lang="EN-US"> Fi 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">進給</span><span lang="EN-US">(-X)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">方向</span><span lang="EN-US"> Fi+1=Fi-Ye</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">當</span><span lang="EN-US"> Fi< 0 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">進給</span><span lang="EN-US">(+Y)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">方向</span><span lang="EN-US"> Fi+1=Fi+Xe</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">與前面進行比較后發現</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">當被插補直線處于不同象限時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其計算公式及處理過程完全一樣</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">僅僅是進給方向不同而已</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">進一步可總結出</span><span lang="EN-US"> L1 L2 L3 L4 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">的進給方向如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 6 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">和表</span><span lang="EN-US"> 1 </span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/upload/images/201407/14044028973515.jpg" alt="" /><br /> <!--[endif]--></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">由此設計出四個象限內直線插補的通用軟件流程圖如圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 7 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">所示</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">如果直接利用圖</span><span lang="EN-US"> 7 </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">來插補四個坐標軸直線時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">將會造成較大的插補誤差</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">顯然不太理想</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">為此</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">可對這四種特殊情況進行專門處理</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">即當判出是插補四個坐標軸直線時</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">可將</span><span lang="EN-US">(+X)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">軸直線插補歸入</span><span lang="EN-US">(+</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">△</span><span lang="EN-US">X)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">進給方向類</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">將</span><span lang="EN-US">(-X)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">軸直線插補歸入</span><span lang="EN-US">(-</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">△</span><span lang="EN-US">X)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">進給方向類</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">將</span><span lang="EN-US">(+Y)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">軸直線插補歸入</span><span lang="EN-US">(+</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">△</span><span lang="EN-US"> Y)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">進給方向類</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">將</span><span lang="EN-US">(-Y)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">軸直線插補歸入</span><span lang="EN-US">(-</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">△</span><span lang="EN-US">Y)</span><span style="font-family: 宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">進給方向類</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">這樣可將其插補誤差減小到零</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span lang="EN-US">5.</span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">結語</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0"><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">實現高速高精度加工一直是數控技術研究的重點</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">但目前多數</span><span lang="EN-US"> CNC </span><span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">系統在軌跡控制上依然只有直線等功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">并不具備曲線尤其是任意曲線的加工功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋體; mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">即具備這項功能</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"">其數控系統的成本也相當大</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm; margin-bottom:7.5pt;margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;line-height:13.5pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan;mso-outline-level:1"><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;font-family:宋體;mso-bidi-font-family:宋體;color:#666666;mso-font-kerning: 0pt">本文由<span lang="EN-US"> <a ><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#333333"><span lang="EN-US">伯特利數控</span></span></a></span>文章<span 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