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面包屑導航結束 --> <!-- 頁面標題開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="title"> <h3><a>加工中心盤式刀庫換刀系統的故障預警方法研究-國內外研究現狀<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <a name="bookmark4" style="line-height: 43.9pt; background-color: transparent;"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="5">1.3</span></a><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="5" style="line-height: 43.9pt; background-color: transparent;">國內外研究現狀 </span><st1:chsdate year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on" style="line-height: 43.9pt; background-color: transparent;">1.3.1</st1:chsdate><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="5" style="line-height: 43.9pt; background-color: transparent;">國外研究現狀</span></p> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="Section1"> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:26.0pt;line-height:23.3pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">隨著制造業的迅猛發展，從二十世紀八十年代開始加工中心引起了發達國家的重 視，并注入了大量的資金和人力進行研究。加工中心的精度、速度等一系列參數得到 了迅速提升，而可靠性作為一個評估參數也逐漸浮現在人們的視野中。狀態監測和故 障預警作為提升可靠性水平的一種重要措施也引起了更加廣泛的關注。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:26.0pt;line-height:23.3pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">狀態監測與故障預警首先應用于航空領域，然后推廣于一般機械設備。狀態監測 和故障預警概念是在發生“阿波羅十三號”悲劇后由美國首先提出的，該事件促使美國 政府和軍方開展了一系列故障機理、故障診斷、故障預警的研究<sup>[25]</sup>。該技術進一步推 廣至航空、航天、核工業等對可靠性有較高要求的行業。英國在20世紀70年代末期 開始了相關技術的研究，并將其應用于鋼鐵、電力等工業領域。日本積極引進世界范 圍內的狀態監測和故障預警技術，并設計開發了部分設備儀器。同時，日本在高鐵和 化工等民用領域的狀態監測和故障預警技術也長期處于世界領先地位。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:20.25pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 26.0pt;line-height:23.3pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">20世紀60年代以來，國外專家學者在數控機床領域的預防性維修方面做了大量的 研究工作。針對數控機床的預防性維修是指在故障發生前，對設備進行維修維護，從 而達到避免發生故障的目的<sup>[26][27]</sup>。傳統的預防性維修需要根據經驗來安排設備檢測周 期、零部件更換周期，高度依賴工作人員的經驗積累<sup>[28]</sup>。因此，國外學者提出了多種 預防維修策略模型，對維修檢測周期進行計算。如</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Valdez</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">-</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Flores</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">和</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Feldman<sup>[29]</sup>、Osaki </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">和 </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Nakagawa</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2-2pt"><span lang="EN-US">[<sup>3</sup></span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2-2pt">。<span lang="EN-US">]</span>、</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Mohamed-Chahir</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Fitouhi</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">[<sup>31</sup>]、</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Chin-Tai</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="21pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Chen[<sup>32</sup>]、Nabil</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="21pt"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Nahas[<sup>33</sup>]、Pierskalla </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="21pt">和。可以看出預防性維修是從數理統計學理論角度出發，基于數學模型和 </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">維修策略給出的一種故障預警方法，該方法以實現在給定可靠性指標的閾值條件下最 小化維修費用<sup>[35]</sup>或在給定維修費用閾值下最大化可靠性指標為目標<sup>[36][37]</sup>，國外學者已 經提出了較為系統和完善的可靠性建模方法</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span style="font-size: 11.5pt;">。</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Bochi</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">W</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">.</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">J</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">.</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">在1981年指出機械產品的可 靠性模型近似服從指數分布<sup>[38]</sup>。</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Murthy</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">和</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Sadi</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">on</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.5pt;">Richard</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">通過研究指出，機械產品的 </span></p> </div> <p><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:#0400;mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always; mso-break-type:section-break" /> </span></p> <p class="21" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:20.25pt; margin-left:0cm;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent: 26.0pt;line-height:23.3pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background:transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">可靠性模型多數服從威布爾模型<sup>[39][4()]</sup>，尤其是在擬合數控機床壽命曲線方面表現尤為 突出，國內外學者針對如何高精度的擬合威布爾模型做了大量研究<sup>[41][42][43][44][45]</sup>。該理 論已廣泛應用于軍事、航空航天等工程領域，在該理論的指導下已多次避免了重大安 全事故的發生，經濟效益得到了顯著的提高。</span></p> <p class="51" style="margin-bottom:16.6pt;text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; line-height:13.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-pagination:lines-together; page-break-after:avoid;background:transparent"><a name="bookmark5"></a><st1:chsdate year="1899" month="12" day="30" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on">1.3.2</st1:chsdate><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="5">國內研究現狀</span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 26pt; line-height: 23.3pt; background: transparent;"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">從1957年起，我國開始對數控機床進行研究開發<sup>[46][47]</sup>。機床可靠性的研究則始于 20世紀80年代，起步相對較晚。為了提高我國數控機床的可靠性，國家設立了國家科 技重大專項可靠性技術研究課題，數控機床的可靠性研究取得了初步進展。目前在部 分高校和機床主機企業建立有數控裝備可靠性實驗室，對數控機床進行可靠性研究， 并起到了一定的推動作用。</span></p> <p class="21" style="margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:26.0pt;line-height:23.3pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;background:transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">吉林大學楊兆軍教授對數控機床可靠性進行了深入的研究，提出了一種結合區間 分析、層次分析和模糊評定的可靠性分配方法。南京航空航天大學的王元軍針對某加 工中心盤式刀庫換刀系統進行了可靠性試驗，分析故障數據，并從機械手、刀盤、液 壓、電氣四個方面對故障模式進行了分析<sup>[48][49]</sup>。近年來，國內許多學者通過數理統計 理論對數控機床的預防維修性進行了建模，包括吉林大學谷東偉提出的融合理想法和 灰關聯度法的預防性維修模型、上海交通大學的周曉軍提出的順序預防維修模型<sup>[5()]</sup>、 華中農業大學的黃征提出的通過役齡遞減因子和故障率遞增因子建立的預防維修模型</span></p> <p class="110" style="line-height:7.5pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="11"><span lang="EN-US">[</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="11TimesNewRoman"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 7.5pt;">51</span></span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="11"><span lang="EN-US">]</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="120" style="margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.2pt; margin-left:16.0pt;line-height:10.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;background: transparent"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="12"><span lang="EN-US">O</span></span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 20.25pt; text-indent: 26pt; line-height: 23.3pt; background: transparent;"><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="2">故障預警作為提升數控機床可靠性的一種重要措施，已經受到越來越多的重視， 包括吉林大學機械工業數控裝備可靠性技術重點實驗室、沈陽機床高檔數控機床國家 重點實驗室、南京理工大學等諸多高校和企業已經建立起了數控機床可靠性試驗臺， 其中吉林大學機械工業數控裝備可靠性技術重點實驗室在數控機床故障預警方向上已 經進行了初步的探討和研究。</span></p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 20.25pt; text-indent: 26pt; line-height: 23.3pt; background: transparent;"> </p> <p class="21" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 20.25pt; text-indent: 26pt; line-height: 23.3pt; background: transparent;"> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"">本文采摘自“加工中心盤式刀庫換刀系統的故障預警方法研究”，因為編輯困難導致有些函數、表格、圖片、內容無法顯示，有需要者可以在網絡中查找相關文章！本文由伯特利數控整理發表文章均來自網絡僅供學習參考，轉載請注明！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.0pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></p></div> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="blank30"></div> <!-- tag --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="blank10"></div> 標簽： <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E7%AB%8B%E5%BC%8F%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>立式加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E6%95%B0%E6%8E%A7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>數控加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=CNC%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83' target='_blank'>CNC加工中心</a> <a href='/index.php?case=tag&act=show&tag=%E5%88%80%E5%BA%93' target='_blank'>刀庫</a> <!-- 分類 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="blank10"></div> 分類： <a href='/bethel/type/jnc/type-1.html' target='_blank'>加工中心</a> <div id="n1l1njb9b" 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